Facing a drug charge in Metcalfe can be overwhelming for local residents and their families. Housley Law, a Criminal Defense and DUI Law Firm serving Metcalfe and surrounding areas of Washington County, offers practical legal representation focused on protecting your rights and minimizing long-term consequences. From first contact through resolution, we pursue every available defense, investigate police procedures, and evaluate possible options like diversion, negotiation, or trial. Our approach centers on clear communication, aggressive preparation, and a thorough review of each case’s facts to help you make informed decisions about the best path forward in Metcalfe and across Mississippi.
When a drug arrest occurs in Metcalfe, the events that follow can affect employment, housing, and family relationships. It is important to understand the process and timelines unique to Washington County and Mississippi law so that early decisions do not create extra legal problems. Housley Law helps clients by explaining charging terminology, court procedures, and potential outcomes so individuals know what to expect and how to respond. Early preservation of evidence and prompt legal involvement can change the direction of a case, and our office is prepared to begin an immediate review and build a strategic defense tailored to local courts.
Securing knowledgeable local representation in Metcalfe for a drug charge can significantly influence case outcomes, from reducing charges and penalties to avoiding convictions when possible. A strong defense often hinges on timely investigative steps, such as reviewing search and seizure procedures, witness statements, and lab reports. Attorneys familiar with Washington County courts can identify procedural errors, challenge unreliable testing, and negotiate with prosecutors to pursue alternative resolutions like diversion or reduced sentencing. Representation also provides peace of mind by managing deadlines, filings, and hearings while advocating for the least disruptive outcome for the client and family.
Housley Law practices criminal defense and DUI representation throughout Mississippi, including Metcalfe in Washington County. The firm focuses on defending clients charged with drug offenses by conducting thorough investigations, questioning law enforcement procedures, and preparing for court advocacy. We emphasize clear client communication and a practical approach to resolving cases that may involve pretrial motions, plea negotiations, diversion programs, or trial. Our team understands local court culture and statutory frameworks, enabling tailored strategies that reflect the particular circumstances of each case, the client’s goals, and the potential consequences under Mississippi law.
Drug offense defense involves multiple stages, each requiring careful attention to protect constitutional rights and obtain favorable results. Initial steps include reviewing arrest reports, laboratory analysis, and any video or audio evidence while assessing whether procedures such as traffic stops, searches, or arrests complied with legal standards. In many Metcalfe cases, challenging the legality of a stop or the chain of custody for drug testing can produce meaningful results. Defense work also involves engaging experts when necessary, negotiating with prosecutors on charges and sentencing, and advocating for diversion or rehabilitation options to reduce long-term impact on the client’s record and future.
A comprehensive defense also considers collateral consequences beyond the immediate criminal case, including effects on employment, driver’s license privileges, and housing. In Metcalfe, Washington County judges and prosecutors may have differing approaches to drug matters, so defense strategies must be adapted accordingly. Counseling clients about possible plea offers, trial risks, and long-term records management is an essential part of the process. The legal team will explain the timeline from arrest to arraignment and trial, provide realistic assessments of potential outcomes, and pursue motions or alternative resolutions aimed at minimizing penalties and preserving future opportunities for the client.
Drug offenses in Mississippi cover a wide range of conduct, including possession of controlled substances, possession with intent to distribute, drug trafficking, manufacturing, and distribution near schools or public places. Penalties vary depending on the substance type, quantity involved, prior convictions, and specific statutory provisions. A simple possession charge can carry different consequences than a trafficking allegation, which may attract heavier sentences and longer mandatory terms. Understanding the statute under which a person is charged and how local enforcement agencies handled the investigation is essential to preparing an effective defense in Metcalfe and across Washington County.
Defending a drug charge requires analyzing specific elements the prosecution must prove, such as knowledge of the substance, possession, or intent to distribute. Legal processes commonly involve arraignments, discovery requests, suppression motions, plea negotiations, and trial preparation. Discovery may reveal police body camera footage, lab testing results, arrest affidavits, and witness statements that shape defense strategy. Filing timely motions to challenge search warrants or stop-and-arrest procedures can suppress unlawfully obtained evidence and alter the government’s case. Effective defense blends legal argument, factual investigation, and negotiation to seek the best possible resolution for clients in Metcalfe courts.
The following terms are frequently used during a drug case in Mississippi and can affect how a charge is prosecuted and defended. Understanding these definitions helps clients follow court proceedings and participate meaningfully in their defense. Terms include possession, constructive possession, distribution, trafficking, probable cause, search warrant, suppression motion, plea offer, diversion program, and chain of custody. Clarifying these phrases early can reduce confusion and allow more effective collaboration between the client and the defense team throughout the process in Metcalfe and Washington County courts.
Possession in a drug case refers to physical control over a controlled substance or the ability to exercise dominion over it. Possession may be actual, such as having a substance on one’s person, or constructive, where the substance is in a place over which a person has control. Prosecutors must show the defendant had knowledge of the substance and the ability to control it to secure a conviction. Challenging possession often requires scrutinizing the circumstances of the arrest, ownership claims, and whether the item belonged to someone else or was planted or misidentified during police encounters in Metcalfe.
Trafficking refers to the illegal distribution or intent to distribute controlled substances and is usually tied to quantity thresholds that elevate a charge from simple possession to trafficking-level offenses. Penalties for trafficking are more severe and can include extended incarceration and higher fines. The government typically relies on drug quantities, packaging, scales, large sums of cash, or witness testimony to support trafficking allegations. In defense, attorneys look for gaps in evidence chain of custody, unreliable witness statements, or constitutional issues with searches and seizures that may undermine trafficking claims in Washington County courts.
Search and seizure refers to police actions to locate and confiscate evidence, including drugs, during stops, arrests, or within properties. The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches, and law enforcement generally needs probable cause or a valid warrant to conduct invasive searches. Suppression motions challenge evidence obtained through unlawful searches, which can result in key items being excluded from court. Defense counsel will carefully review patrol reports, warrants, and recorded interactions to identify legal violations that could invalidate how evidence was obtained in a Metcalfe case.
Chain of custody documents the handling and storage of seized substances from the time of collection to lab testing and courtroom presentation. Gaps or inconsistencies in the chain of custody can call into question the integrity of test results and whether the sample presented is the same item originally seized. Defense teams examine lab logs, evidence bags, and transfer records to find weaknesses. Successful challenges to chain of custody may prevent contaminated or misidentified samples from being used against a defendant in Metcalfe, shifting the balance of evidence and potentially reducing charges or obtaining case dismissals.
Choosing the right scope of legal representation depends on the case facts, potential penalties, and client goals. A limited approach might focus on a single narrow issue such as a plea negotiation or a motion to suppress, which can be appropriate for straightforward possession cases where mitigating factors are clear. A comprehensive approach includes full investigation, multiple pretrial motions, potential expert consultation, and trial readiness. In Metcalfe and Washington County, the correct balance considers court practices, prosecutor tendencies, and the likelihood that additional investigation will uncover defenses that could change the case’s outcome.
A focused defense can be appropriate when evidence against a defendant is minimal and mitigating factors are persuasive, such as small-quantity possession without indicia of distribution and a clean or minimal prior record. In such cases, negotiating with prosecutors for diversion, reduced charges, or deferred adjudication can resolve the case without extensive pretrial litigation. The defense may concentrate on explaining circumstances to the prosecutor, demonstrating rehabilitation prospects, and seeking outcomes that avoid harsh penalties. This approach can save time and costs while still protecting the client’s interests in Metcalfe courts.
If there is an obvious and discrete legal defect, such as a missing warrant or a procedural violation that can be addressed quickly, a limited approach focused on that issue may be effective. When the remedy likely leads to suppressed evidence or dismissal, devoting resources to a single targeted motion can be more efficient than full-scale litigation. The decision depends on the strength of the claim and the prosecutor’s likely response. In Metcalfe, timely action to address procedural errors can sometimes resolve a case without engaging in prolonged discovery and trial preparation.
A comprehensive defense is often warranted in cases involving serious allegations such as trafficking, large quantities, prior convictions, or allegations of distribution, where penalties are steep and the government’s case rests on complex forensic evidence. Thorough investigation, consultation with forensic professionals, and multiple pretrial motions increase the chances of undermining prosecution theories. Preparing a full defense preserves options to negotiate from a position of strength or to take the case to trial if necessary, which can be critical to protecting a client’s liberty and future in Metcalfe and across Washington County.
When a case involves multiple defendants, interstate elements, or connected investigations, a comprehensive approach helps coordinate defenses, review shared evidence, and address implications that extend beyond a single charge. Investigating all ties between co-defendants, validating witness credibility, and challenging forensic methods require sustained effort. Handling interconnected cases also demands careful negotiation and strategic timing of motions and hearings. For Metcalfe clients facing these layered challenges, a thorough, coordinated defense can prevent adverse consequences arising from fragmented or reactive legal representation.
A comprehensive defense offers several benefits, including a more complete understanding of evidence, better preparation for trial, and stronger leverage during plea discussions. It allows attorneys to investigate alternative narratives, identify witness inconsistencies, and consult with forensic or medical professionals when needed. This broader inquiry may reveal exculpatory information or procedural errors that would not surface through limited review. In Metcalfe, where local procedures and prosecutorial approaches vary, comprehensive preparation helps tailor strategy to the court and achieve outcomes that minimize immediate and long-term harm to clients.
Comprehensive representation also supports addressing collateral issues such as driver’s license consequences, employment impacts, or immigration considerations where relevant. By planning for post-resolution needs, clients are better equipped to restore stability and reduce lasting disruption. This approach can include coordination with treatment programs or rehabilitation services that may appeal to prosecutors and judges when negotiating outcomes. The result is a defense that seeks not only to contest allegations but also to protect the client’s overall well-being and future prospects in Metcalfe and the surrounding Mississippi communities.
A thorough defense gives attorneys the time and resources to scrutinize police conduct, testing procedures, and chain of custody, potentially exposing weaknesses in the prosecution’s case. Detailed review of arrest narratives, forensic reports, and video evidence may reveal inconsistencies that justify suppression motions or undermine witness credibility. These challenges can sometimes lead to reduced charges or dismissals. In Metcalfe, diligent examination of these elements allows the defense to seek favorable resolutions by demonstrating that key evidence does not meet the legal standards required for conviction.
A comprehensive strategy includes client counseling about collateral consequences, such as impacts on employment and future licensing, while planning for mitigation and rehabilitation where appropriate. By coordinating with treatment providers and preparing documentation of mitigating circumstances, the defense can present a more persuasive case for reduced penalties or alternative programs. This holistic support helps clients in Metcalfe rebuild after resolution and reduces the long-term disruption that a conviction can cause, offering practical paths forward alongside courtroom representation.
After an arrest or police encounter, remaining calm and avoiding extensive statements can help preserve your legal options. Statements made to officers or others may be used as evidence and could limit defense strategies later. It is usually advisable to provide basic identification and avoid detailed narratives about the incident until you have legal representation. Contacting an attorney early ensures that your rights are protected, that proper post-arrest steps are taken to secure evidence, and that you receive clear guidance on interacting with law enforcement, prosecutors, and court officials in Metcalfe and Washington County.
Prompt legal consultation enables early review of arrest circumstances, identification of legal issues, and initiation of protective steps such as filing motions or preserving video evidence. Delays can result in lost opportunities to challenge searches or secure favorable pretrial resolutions. A lawyer familiar with Washington County procedures can advise on immediate practical steps, court timelines, and options like diversion or treatment programs where applicable. Early engagement also helps ensure that deadlines for discovery requests, motions, and hearings are met and that the defense is built in a timely and strategic manner for clients in Metcalfe.
Drug charges carry legal penalties and nonlegal consequences that can profoundly affect daily life. Even a misdemeanor conviction can impact employment prospects, housing applications, and personal relationships. Professional legal representation provides structured advocacy at each stage of the case, from evidentiary review to plea discussions and trial preparation. An attorney can explain potential outcomes under Mississippi law, identify diversion or rehabilitation options, and work to limit long-term repercussions. Residents of Metcalfe benefit from counsel that understands local courts and seeks resolutions aligned with the client’s personal and family needs.
Beyond immediate penalties, convictions may result in driver’s license suspensions, mandatory treatment, or enhanced sentencing for repeat offenses. Legal guidance helps navigate these consequences and may secure alternatives that reduce lasting harm. Counsel can also assist with sealing or expungement strategies when available, helping restore opportunities after case resolution. Choosing informed representation supports better decision-making during negotiations and hearings and increases the likelihood of an outcome that protects future employment, housing, and personal goals for residents of Metcalfe and Washington County.
People seek defense for many reasons including traffic stops that uncover substances, residential searches, controlled purchases, or charges arising from possession found during unrelated arrests. Other common circumstances include allegations of selling or distributing drugs, possession of paraphernalia, or being charged due to association with others under investigation. In Metcalfe, these scenarios can involve local law enforcement, state patrol, or federal agencies depending on the facts. Early legal intervention helps clarify the charges, protect rights during evidence collection, and provide realistic guidance on likely outcomes and defense options.
A routine traffic stop can escalate into a drug investigation if officers claim to smell narcotics or discover items during a vehicle search. Such encounters raise questions about probable cause and whether a search was lawful. Defense efforts may focus on whether the stop was justified, whether consent was given, and whether evidence was handled correctly. In Metcalfe, local court attitudes toward traffic stop searches vary, so detailed review of police reports and available video is critical. Addressing these issues can reduce or eliminate the basis for charges in many cases.
Home searches or property searches often occur with a warrant or under claimed exceptions to the warrant requirement. Defense teams analyze the warrant affidavit for sufficiency, possible staleness of information, and whether officers exceeded the scope of the warrant. If evidence was seized without appropriate legal authority, motions to suppress that evidence may be effective. In Metcalfe and Washington County, reviewing the patrol logs, affidavits, and execution reports can expose defects that affect the admissibility of key evidence and the viability of the prosecution’s case.
Controlled purchases involve undercover operations and confidential informants and can lead to complex evidentiary questions about reliability and procedure. Defense work may investigate the informant’s credibility, the handling of funds and recordings, and whether proper chain of custody was maintained. Analyzing recordings, surveillance, and officer testimony can reveal inconsistencies that challenge the government’s narrative. In Metcalfe cases stemming from controlled buys, a rigorous reconstruction of events and careful cross-examination may produce grounds to contest charges or negotiate improved outcomes with prosecutors.
Choosing Housley Law means working with a firm that prioritizes criminal defense and DUI advocacy across Mississippi, including Metcalfe. We focus on protecting client rights during every stage of the case, addressing evidence and procedure, and negotiating practical resolutions when appropriate. Our representation emphasizes clear explanations about legal options and realistic assessments of potential outcomes. We aim to reduce disruptions to clients’ lives by seeking favorable resolutions that limit exposure to severe penalties and promote opportunities for rehabilitation and record relief when possible in Washington County courts.
Clients benefit from dedicated attention to case detail including thorough review of arrest reports, laboratory results, and witness accounts. We prepare motions and engage with prosecutors while keeping clients informed about progress and choices. Our approach balances aggressive defense with practical problem solving, including exploring diversion, treatment programs, or negotiated resolutions that address prosecutors’ concerns while protecting client interests. For Metcalfe residents, this means representation that understands local practice and tailor strategies to the specifics of each matter.
Housley Law works to build defenses that consider long-term implications and immediate needs. We assist clients in understanding the collateral effects of convictions and in planning for post-case recovery, whether that involves pursuing expungement, connecting with support services, or preparing documentation that supports alternative resolutions. Our role is to reduce the uncertainty of the legal process, advocate for fair treatment, and guide clients toward outcomes that protect personal and professional futures in Metcalfe and beyond.
When you engage Housley Law, we begin with a detailed case review to gather facts, assess evidence, and identify immediate legal issues and deadlines. We file necessary appearances and discovery requests, then analyze police reports, body camera footage, and lab analyses. If appropriate, we pursue pretrial motions, including suppression, to protect client rights. We communicate with prosecutors to explore diversion or plea options while preparing a trial strategy as a fallback. Throughout, we provide clear updates and counsel clients on the choices that best align with their goals and circumstances.
The first phase focuses on obtaining and reviewing all available records from law enforcement and the prosecution, interviewing potential witnesses, and documenting client statements and timelines. Early investigation may include obtaining surveillance, securing cell records, or requesting lab reports. This groundwork identifies weaknesses in the prosecution’s case and preserves evidence that might otherwise be lost. A careful initial review determines whether immediate motions are necessary and frames a strategy for negotiation or further litigation in Metcalfe and Washington County.
Collecting comprehensive discovery is essential to building a defense. This includes police reports, arrest affidavits, video footage, witness statements, and lab test documentation. Securing these records early ensures timely review and preserves rights to challenge procedural missteps. We assess chain of custody, test result reliability, and any inconsistencies that could be material to defense arguments. For Metcalfe cases, prompt action often controls the ability to file effective suppression motions or to negotiate from a more informed position with prosecutors.
At the outset, we advise clients about what to expect in court, potential plea outcomes, and practical steps to support their case. This counseling includes discussing needed documentation, potential witnesses, and any immediate actions to protect employment or family matters. We also explain timelines for arraignment, discovery exchanges, and possible hearing dates. This early planning helps clients make informed decisions and prepares them for the process ahead in Metcalfe, reducing uncertainty and enabling coordinated defense efforts.
Once discovery is complete, we evaluate opportunities to file pretrial motions such as suppression or dismissal motions to exclude illegally obtained or unreliable evidence. These motions can substantially weaken the prosecution’s case and may lead to reduced charges or dismissal. Simultaneously, we engage in negotiations with prosecutors to explore alternatives like diversion programs, plea agreements that limit long-term impact, or reduced sentencing recommendations. Preparing both litigation and negotiation strategies ensures options remain available depending on how the court responds to motions in Washington County.
Strategic motions may seek to exclude evidence obtained without probable cause or to challenge forensic methods. Successful motions can eliminate key components of the prosecution’s case, often resulting in reduced charges or negotiation leverage. Preparation involves drafting legal arguments, collecting supporting materials, and scheduling evidentiary hearings. In Metcalfe, asserting constitutional protections early through robust motions can change case trajectories and increase the likelihood of favorable outcomes without resorting to trial.
Negotiations with prosecutors may yield plea agreements or enrollment in diversion and treatment programs that address the underlying issues without producing harsh long-term consequences. Considering diversion requires mapping eligibility, collecting supporting documentation, and presenting a plan that demonstrates rehabilitation potential. Effective negotiation balances the client’s willingness to accept responsibility with the goal of preserving future opportunities. For Metcalfe residents, pursuing diversion or carefully negotiated resolutions can be an effective way to resolve cases while mitigating disruption to life and work.
If pretrial motions and negotiations do not produce an acceptable result, we prepare for trial by developing themes, identifying witnesses, and crafting cross-examination strategies. Trial preparation includes organizing evidence, preparing expert testimony when necessary, and rehearsing courtroom presentations. Our goal is to present a coherent narrative that raises reasonable doubt or otherwise undermines the prosecution’s case. Whether a case resolves through plea, diversion, or trial, we ensure clients understand the consequences of each option and the steps necessary for post-resolution recovery.
Trial strategy focuses on telling the client’s story, challenging witness credibility, and highlighting weaknesses in forensic evidence. We prepare witnesses, craft openings and closings, and present legal arguments that support the defense. Strong trial preparation can improve bargaining power even before the case reaches a jury, so readiness is a strategic advantage. In Metcalfe, familiarity with local juries and court procedures helps tailor trial themes to resonate with decision-makers while preserving all options for the client.
Once a case concludes, we assist clients with next steps such as sentencing advocacy, filing for record relief where available, and connecting to rehabilitation resources that support long-term recovery. Post-resolution planning may include pursuing expungement or sealing of records, complying with program requirements, and addressing collateral matters like employment or licensing. These steps are important for rebuilding stability and minimizing the lasting impact of a drug charge in Metcalfe, ensuring clients can move forward with a clear plan to restore normalcy and protect their future.
Immediately after an arrest, remain calm, provide basic identification, and avoid making detailed statements until you have legal representation. Request to speak with an attorney as soon as possible so that your rights are protected and you receive guidance on interactions with law enforcement and prosecutors. Early contact with counsel allows for timely review and preservation of evidence that may be important to your defense. Your attorney can explain next steps, including bail procedures, arraignment schedules, and potential defense strategies. Acting quickly helps protect rights to challenge searches, obtain discovery, and prepare motions that may materially affect the outcome of your Metcalfe case.
Evidence from a traffic stop can sometimes be suppressed if the stop or subsequent search lacked lawful justification. Courts evaluate whether officers had reasonable suspicion to stop the vehicle and probable cause to search without a warrant. If police violated constitutional protections, a suppression motion may prevent illegally obtained evidence from being used at trial. Successful suppression can significantly weaken the prosecution’s case and lead to reduced charges or dismissal. Each situation is fact-specific, so timely legal review of the stop details, officer reports, and any body camera footage is important for determining the viability of a suppression challenge in Washington County.
Diversion programs offer alternative resolutions that emphasize treatment, education, or community service in place of traditional criminal penalties and can be available for certain misdemeanor or first-time possession cases. Eligibility depends on the charge, criminal history, and prosecutor discretion. Participation often requires completing program terms and may result in dismissal or reduced charges upon successful completion. An attorney can help determine eligibility, prepare supporting documentation, and negotiate program terms with prosecutors. In Metcalfe, diversion may be a practical option to avoid lasting consequences, especially when substance misuse is at the core of the charge and rehabilitation is a viable path.
The timeline for resolving a drug case varies depending on the complexity of the charge, the need for pretrial motions, and court scheduling in Washington County. Simple cases may resolve in weeks if a plea agreement is reached, while cases involving lab testing, trafficking allegations, or contested motions can take months or longer. Delays can arise from discovery disputes, pending expert analysis, or crowded court calendars. An attorney can provide a case-specific estimate and explain factors influencing timing, such as the need for suppression hearings or negotiations with prosecutors. Early intervention helps streamline the process and protect rights during each stage of the proceedings.
Possession charges allege that an individual had control or knowledge of a controlled substance, which may be a lesser offense depending on quantity and circumstances. Trafficking involves allegations of distribution or intent to sell and typically depends on quantity thresholds and associated evidence like packaging, scales, or large amounts of cash. Trafficking carries significantly higher penalties than simple possession. Defending trafficking charges often requires detailed investigation into the alleged transaction, chain of custody, and the circumstances indicating intent. For Metcalfe clients, distinguishing between possession and trafficking is central to understanding potential exposure and developing a defense strategy.
Yes, a drug conviction can affect employment, housing, and licensing opportunities and may lead to difficulties obtaining security clearances or professional positions that require clean records. Employers and landlords often review criminal histories, and a conviction can be a significant barrier. It is important to consider these collateral consequences when evaluating plea offers or potential resolutions. Legal counsel can advise on strategies to mitigate long-term effects, such as seeking diversion, negotiating reduced charges, or pursuing record relief when possible. Planning for post-resolution steps helps clients restore stability and address impacts on work and housing in Metcalfe.
Lab testing determines the composition and quantity of seized substances and often plays a central role in prosecution. Accuracy and proper chain of custody are essential for reliable results. Defense attorneys review lab procedures, technician notes, and evidence handling to identify errors or contamination risks that can undermine the reliability of test outcomes. When lab testing is questionable, challenges can be raised about testing methods or chain of custody. These challenges may result in excluded evidence or reduced confidence in the prosecution’s case, which can significantly affect bargaining positions and trial strategies in Washington County.
Prior convictions can lead to enhanced penalties for new drug charges under Mississippi law, increasing potential sentences and affecting plea negotiations. Repeat offender statutes and felony sentencing guidelines can elevate consequences, making it critical to address prior records early in defense planning. Understanding how prior convictions impact exposure guides strategic choices about whether to litigate or negotiate. An attorney will review the client’s criminal history and explore legal avenues for minimizing enhanced penalties, such as questioning the applicability of prior convictions or seeking alternative resolutions that reduce the chance of severe outcomes for Metcalfe residents.
Witnesses and confidential informants may provide evidence that supports charges, but their credibility is often a central issue in trials. Defense teams investigate motives, past reliability, and the conditions under which information was obtained. Inconsistencies between witness accounts or indications of incentive-based testimony can be important grounds for impeachment at trial. Thorough preparation includes obtaining disclosure about informants when legally required, reviewing recordings or reports, and uncovering any bias or reliability problems. These steps can significantly affect the weight of testimony and the prosecution’s ability to meet its burden of proof in Metcalfe cases.
Options for clearing a record vary by offense, jurisdiction, and statute. Some cases may be eligible for expungement, sealing, or dismissal if diversion was completed or if statutory criteria are met. The process typically involves filing petitions and supporting documentation and may require waiting periods or court approval. An attorney can assess eligibility, prepare necessary filings, and guide the client through the procedural steps to seek record relief. Post-resolution actions are an important part of restoring opportunities after a drug case and require careful legal assistance in Washington County and Mississippi.
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